Dog BreedsBernese Mountain DogBernese Mountain Dog

Bernese Mountain Dog

The Bernese Mountain Dog, a big and beautiful breed, hails from Switzerland, where it was originally used as a farm dog. In the 1920s, they were introduced to the U.S. to assist on farms, but nowadays, these gentle giants are beloved family pets.

One of the first things you’ll notice about Bernese Mountain Dogs is their size. Standing between 23 to 27.5 inches tall and weighing 70 to 115 pounds, they are undeniably large. But it’s not just their size that stands out. These dogs have a heart to match—gentle, affectionate, and patient, making them excellent companions for families.

Caring for Bernese Mountain Dogs

Affectionately known as “Berners,” these dogs are known for being calm, yet playful when the mood strikes. They need regular exercise to stay healthy, but they’re also content lounging around with their families. Because of their thick, tri-colored coats—black, white, and tan—Berners shed heavily throughout the year. Their pet parents need to be committed to regular grooming, as well as accepting that some fur will likely end up on the furniture and clothes.

Common Health Issues in Bernese Mountain Dogs

Bernese Mountain Dogs typically live between 7 to 10 years, which is common for larger breeds. While generally healthy, they can be predisposed to certain health conditions, making pet insurance a worthwhile consideration for new owners.

Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV): This is a severe form of bloat that occurs suddenly and requires immediate attention. It happens when the stomach fills with food or gas and expands, which can cause it to twist, cutting off the blood supply to the spleen and stomach. Without quick treatment, this condition can be fatal. GDV is more common in older, deep-chested dogs like Berners. To lower the risk, avoid elevated food bowls and feed your dog only once per day. A surgical procedure called prophylactic gastropexy can also help prevent the stomach from twisting.

Hip Dysplasia: This is a common issue in larger dogs where the hip joint doesn’t form properly, leading to pain and arthritis. Berners with hip dysplasia may limp, struggle to stand, or experience discomfort. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight and engaging them in low-impact exercise can help manage this condition. In severe cases, surgery might be necessary.

Elbow Dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia, this condition affects the elbow joint, causing lameness and arthritis. Genetics, growth rate, and diet often play a role in its development. Treatment usually involves surgery to correct the issue.

Cancer: Unfortunately, Bernese Mountain Dogs are prone to various cancers, particularly histiocytic sarcoma. This aggressive cancer can manifest as tumors in the bones, skin, lungs, or joints. Symptoms vary but often include lethargy, weight loss, and decreased appetite. If your Berner starts to lose weight or seems unwell, it’s important to visit the vet. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.

Feeding Your Bernese Mountain Dog

Bernese Mountain Dog
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Bernese Mountain Dogs need a balanced diet that meets the nutritional guidelines set by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO). Their large size requires careful feeding, especially as puppies, to ensure their bones and muscles develop properly. Overfeeding or giving the wrong balance of nutrients can lead to joint issues like hip and elbow dysplasia.

Puppy Diet: It’s crucial to feed Bernese Mountain Dog puppies food that’s specifically designed for large and giant breeds. This ensures they grow at a steady rate, reducing the risk of joint problems later in life. Always consult with your vet to choose the best food for your puppy.

Feeding Schedule: Adult Bernese Mountain Dogs should be fed twice a day, about 12 hours apart. Avoid elevated bowls, as they may increase the risk of bloat. Using a slow feeder bowl can help prevent gulping and reduce the chance of gastric issues. Puppies, on the other hand, need to eat more frequently, up to four times a day.

Portion Control: The amount you feed your Berner depends on factors like size, activity level, and whether they’ve been spayed or neutered. Different dog food brands also vary in caloric content, so always refer to the feeding guidelines on the package or consult your vet for tailored advice.

Nutritional Tips: Omega-3 fatty acids, such as DHA and EPA, can benefit Bernese Mountain Dogs by supporting their skin, coats, joints, and heart health. These fatty acids are available in supplements or some specially formulated dog foods but always check with your vet before adding anything new to your dog’s diet.

Training and Behavior

Bernese Mountain Dogs are known for being affectionate, intelligent, and eager to please, making them easy to train. They’re typically patient with children and get along well with other pets. However, it’s important to supervise interactions between dogs and kids to prevent any accidental mishaps.

Berners can be a little shy around strangers, but proper socialization as puppies helps them become well-adjusted adults. While they’re generally adaptable, many Berners dislike being left alone and may develop separation anxiety.

Training Tips: Positive reinforcement works best with Bernese Mountain Dogs. Treats and praise will motivate them to learn commands and good behavior. Due to their size and strength, early leash training is important, as is teaches them not to jump on people.

Fun Activities: Berners may have been farm dogs, but today, they’re content with moderate activities. Things like obedience training, nose work, hiking, and even pulling a cart are great ways to keep them mentally and physically engaged.

Grooming Your Bernese Mountain Dog

Bernese Mountain Dog
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With their thick, double coat, Bernese Mountain Dogs require regular grooming. Brushing several times a week helps manage the shedding, but during seasonal changes, the shedding can become more intense.

Bathing: These dogs should be bathed every two to four weeks using a dog-specific shampoo. If you notice any changes in your dog’s skin, such as redness or flakiness, consult your vet.

Coat Care: Daily brushing helps prevent mats and keeps the shedding under control. Using tools like the FURminator can help remove loose undercoat hair, but even with regular brushing, expect some hair around the house. Investing in a good vacuum cleaner is also a smart move.

Eye and Ear Care: Clean around your dog’s eyes with a damp cloth if debris builds up, but if you notice excessive discharge, it might be a sign of an issue, so consult your vet. Berners’ floppy ears can trap moisture, leading to infections. Clean them regularly, especially after baths or swimming, using a vet-approved ear cleaner.

In conclusion, the Bernese Mountain Dog is a wonderful companion for those who can handle their size and grooming needs. With proper care, training, and attention to their health, these gentle giants can bring years of love and loyalty to your family.

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